86 research outputs found
Recent Advances in Health Biotechnology During Pandemic
The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which
emerged in 2019, cut the epoch that will make profound fluctuates in the history of the world
in social, economic, and scientific fields. Urgent needs in public health have brought with
them innovative approaches, including diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. To exceed the
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, various scientific authorities in the world
have procreated advances in real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based diagnostic
tests, rapid diagnostic kits, the development of vaccines for immunization, and the purposing
pharmaceuticals for treatment. Diagnosis, treatment, and immunization approaches put for-
ward by scientific communities are cross-fed from the accrued knowledge of multidisciplinary
sciences in health biotechnology. So much so that the pandemic, urgently prioritized in the
world, is not only viral infections but also has been the pulsion in the development of novel
approaches in many fields such as diagnosis, treatment, translational medicine, virology, mi-
crobiology, immunology, functional nano- and bio-materials, bioinformatics, molecular biol-
ogy, genetics, tissue engineering, biomedical devices, and artificial intelligence technologies.
In this review, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of various scientific
areas of health biotechnology are discussed
Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries
Abstract
Background
Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.
Methods
This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries.
Results
In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia.
Conclusion
This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries
Comparative effectiveness of diet alone and diet plus metformin treatment on omentin levels in type 2 diabetes patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective randomized trial
Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of diet alone and diet plus metformin treatment on omentin levels in type 2 diabetes patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods: Consecutively 88 patients who had hepatic steatosis with type-2 DM were recruited for the study. For randomization, 28 patients who had exclusion criteria were excluded from the study. The remaining patients (n = 60) were randomized into two groups. Only diet therapy were given to Group 1(n = 30) and metformin 2 gram/day plus diet were given to group 2 (n = 30) during 3 months. During the follow-up period 5 patients in group 1 and 1 patient in group 2 did not come for follow-up. Therefore we evaluated 25 patients in group 1 and 29 patients in group 2. Omentin levels were analyzed at admission and at the end of the study.Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the values of body weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, body fat percentage (%), and omentin in group 1; and in the values of body weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference, body fat percentage (%), and omentin in group 2. Omentin levels were significantly decreased with the treatment in both groups (5.37 ± 1.31 ng/ml to 4.00 ± 1.46 ng/ml in group 1; 6.96 ± 2.10 ng/ml to 3.92 ± 0.89 ng/ml in group 2, p = 0.001 respectively). When compared the percentage of changes between two groups, it was found that the omentin value was more decreased in group 2 (p = 0.032).Conclusions: Although diet and diet plus metformin treatment decreased the omentin levels, diet plus metformin treatment would be more beneficial in type 2 diabetes patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.<p
Bilateral elongated mandibular coronoid process in an Anatolian skull
Elongation or hyperplasia of coronoid process of mandible is rare condition characterized by abnormal bone development which cause malocclusion and the limited mouth opening. In this study, in an Anatolian skull, a case of bilateral elongation of mandibular coronoid process was presented. Levandoski panographic analysis was performed on the panoramic radiographie to determine the hyperplasia of the coronoid process. The right condylar process was exactly hyperplastic. The measurements of Kr-Go/Cd-Go were 95.10 mm/79.03 mm on right side and 97.53 mm/87.80 mm on left side. The ratio of Kr-Go/Cd-Go on the right side was 1.20. Elongated coronoid process is one of the factors cause mandibular hypomobility, it as reported here might lead to limited mouth opening. The knowledge of this variation or abnormality can be useful for the radiologist and surgeons and prevent misdiagnosis
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